John Quincy Adams (July 11, 1767-February 23, 1848) was the 6th President of the United States, 1825-29, and one of the few Presidents to re-enter politics after his Presidential term.
He was a U.S. Representative from Massachusetts, 1830-48, being nicknamed "The Hell-Hound of Slavery," as he singlehandedly led the fight to lift the Gag Rule which had prohibited discussion of slavery on the floor of Congress.
He served as Secretary of State for James Monroe, 1817-25, where he promulgated the Monroe Doctrine, 1823, and obtained Florida from Spain, 1819; U.S. Minister to Great Britain, 1815-17, where he negotiated the Treaty of Ghent, ending the War of 1812; U.S. Minister to Russia, 1809-14; Professor at Harvard, 1805; U.S. Senator, 1803-08; State Senator of Massachusetts, 1802;
U.S. Minister to Prussia, 1797-1801; married Louisa Catherine Johnson, 1797; U.S. Minister to the Netherlands, 1794; admitted to the bar, 1791; graduated from Harvard College, 1788; Secretary to the U.S. Minister in the Court of Catherine the Great, St. Petersburg, Russia, 1781, receiving the Congressional appointment at the age of 14; his political career began at age 11, when he was sent to join his father, John Adams, who was serving as the U.S. Minister in France, 1778.
John Quincy Adams - first elected office was as a Massachusetts State Senator from Suffolk County, 1802-1803. The Massachusetts State legislature elected him to be a U.S. Senator in 1803, but his support of Jefferson's Louisiana Purchase and other Republican measures resulted in the Massachusetts State legislature calling a special session in 1807 to remove him. He resigned, referencing in his diary the Scripture, James 1:17 "Every good gift and every perfect gift is from above, and cometh down from the Father of lights":
<I implore the Spirit from whom every good and perfect gift descends to enable me to render essential service to my country, and that I may never be governed in my public conduct by any consideration other than that of duty.> 1767JA101
On September 26, 1810, in a diary entry, John Quincy Adams wrote:
<I have made it a practice for several years to read the Bible through in the course of every year. I usually devote to this reading the first hour after I rise every morning. As, including the Apocrypha, it contains about fourteen hundred chapters, and as I meet with occasional interruptions, when this reading is for single days, and sometimes for weeks, or even months, suspended, my rule is to read five chapters every morning, which leaves an allowance of about one-forth of the time for such interruptions.
Extraordinary pressure or business seldom interrupts more than one day's reading at a time, and Sickness has frequently occasioned longer suspensions, and traveling still more and longer. During the present year, having lost very few days, I have finished this perusal earlier than usual. I closed the book yesterday.
As I do not wish to suspend the habit of allowing regularly time for this purpose, I have this morning commenced it anew, and for the sake of endeavoring to understand the book better, as well as giving some variety to the study, I have begun this time with Ostervald's French translation, which has the advantage of a few short reflections upon each chapter.> 1767JA001
In September of 1811, John Quincy Adams wrote a letter to his son from St. Petersburg, Russia, while serving for the second time in the U.S. Ministry to that country:
<My dear Son:
In your letter of the 18th January to your mother, you mentioned that you read to your aunt a chapter in the Bible or a section of Doddridge's Annotations every evening.
This information gave me real pleasure; for so great is my veneration for the Bible, and so strong my belief, that when duly read and meditated on, it is of all books in the world, that which contributes most to make men good, wise, and happy- that the earlier my children begin to read it, the more steadily they pursue the practice of reading it throughout their lives, the more lively and confident will be my hopes that they will prove useful citizens of their country, respectable members of society, and a real blessing to their parents....
I have myself, for many years, made it a practice to read through the Bible once every year....
My custom is, to read four to five chapters every morning immediately after rising from my bed. It employs about an hour of my time....
It is essential, my son, in order that you may go through life with comfort to yourself, and usefulness to your fellow-creatures, that you should form and adopt certain rules or principles, for the government of your own conduct and temper....
It is in the Bible, you must learn them, and from the Bible how to practice them. Those duties are to God, to your fellow-creatures, and to yourself. "Thou shalt love the Lord thy God, with all thy heart, and with all thy soul, and with all thy mind, and with all thy strength, and thy neighbor as thy self." On these two commandments, Jesus Christ expressly says, "hang all the law and the prophets"; that is to say, the whole purpose of Divine Revelation is to inculcate them efficaciously upon the minds of men....
Let us, then, search the Scriptures....The Bible contains the revelation of the will of God. It contains the history of the creation of the world, and of mankind; and afterward the history of one peculiar nation, certainly the most extraordinary nation that has ever appeared upon the earth.
It contains a system of religion, and of morality, which we may examine upon its own merits, independent of the sanction it receives from being the Word of God....
I shall number separately those letters that I mean to write you upon the subject of the Bible....I wish that hereafter they may be useful to your brothers and sisters, as well as to you.
As you will receive them as a token of affection for you, during my absence....From your affectionate Father, John Quincy Adams.> 1767JA002
John Quincy Adams' correspondence to his son was compiled into a work, titled, Letters of John Quincy Adams to his son, on the Bible and its Teachings, and was published after his death. In this work is the statement:
<No book in the world deserves to be so unceasingly studied, and so profoundly meditated upon as the Bible.> 1767JA003
On March 13, 1812, John Quincy Adams noted:
<This morning I finished the perusal of the German Bible, which I began 20th June last. There are many differences of translation from either the English or the French translations-some of which I have compared in the three versions.> 1767JA004
On December 31, 1812, John Quincy Adams penned this entry in his diary:
<I offer to a merciful God at the close of this year my humble tribute of gratitude for the blessings with which He has, in the course of it, favored me and those dear to me....
My endeavors to quell the rebellion of the heart have been sincere, and have been assisted with the blessing from above. As I advance in life, its evils multiply, and the instances of mortality become more frequent and approach nearer to myself. The greater is the need for fortitude to encounter the woes that flesh is heir to, and of religion to support pains for which there is no other remedy.> 1767JA005
In 1813, near the close of the year, John Quincy Adams recorded in his diary:
<Religious sentiments become from day to day more constantly habitual to my mind.> 1767JA006
After negotiating the Treaty of Ghent, on December 24, 1814, John Quincy Adams wrote several times from London regarding the false doctrines which were being promulgated among the intellectuals back in Boston:
<I perceive that the Trinitarians and the Unitarians in Boston are sparring together....Most of the Boston Unitarians are my particular friends, but I never thought much of the eloquence or the theology of Priestly. His Socrates and Jesus Compared is a wretched performance. Socrates and Jesus! A farthing candle and the sun! I pray you to read Massilon's sermon on the divinity of Christ, and then the whole New Testament, after which be a Socinian if you can.> 1767JA007
<I find in the New Testament, Jesus Christ accosted in His own presence by one of His disciples as God, without disclaiming the appellation. I see Him explicitly declared by at least two other of the Apostles to be God, expressly and repeatedly announced, not only as having existed before the worlds, but as the Creator of the worlds without beginning of days or end of years. I see Him named in the great prophecy of Isaiah concerning him to be the mighty God!...
The texts are too numerous, they are from parts of the Scriptures too diversified, they are sometimes connected by too strong a chain of argument, and the inferences from them are, to my mind, too direct and irresistible, to admit of the explanations which the Unitarians sometimes attempt to give them, or the evasions by which, at others, they endeavor to escape from them.> 1767JA008
<You ask me what Bible I take as the standard of my faith-the Hebrew, the Samaritan, the old English translation, or what? I answer, the Bible containing the Sermon on the Mount-any Bible that I can...understand. The New Testament I have repeatedly read in the original Greek, in the Latin, in the Geneva Protestant, in Sacy's Catholic French translations, in Luther's German translation, in the common English Protestant, and in the Douay Catholic translations.
I take any one of them for my standard of faith....But the Sermon on the Mount commands me to lay up for myself treasures, not upon earth, but in Heaven. My hopes of a future life are all founded upon the Gospel of Christ....You think it blasphemous that the omnipotent Creator could be crucified. God is a spirit. The spirit was not crucified. The body of Jesus of Nazareth was crucified.
The Spirit, whether external or created, was beyond the reach of the cross. You see, my orthodoxy grows on me, and I still unite with you in the doctrine of toleration and benevolence.> 1767JA009
In 1818, John Quincy Adams became the vice-president of the American Bible Society, a position he held for 30 years. Once at a dinner party in Boston he found himself in a loud theological debate with Horace Holley, a young Unitarian minister, in which Adams contended that Unitarianism's appeal was confined to:
<the liberal class who consider religion as merely a system of morals.> 1767JA010
On February 10, 1825, in reply to the notification of his election, President-elect John Quincy Adams stated:
<I shall therefore repair to the post assigned to me by the call of my country...confident in the trust that the wisdom of the legislative councils will guide and direct me in the path of my official duty, and relying above all upon the superintending providence of that Being in whose hands our breath is and whose are all our ways.> 1767JA011
On Friday, March 4, 1825, in his Inaugural Address, President John Quincy Adams stated:
<In compliance with an usage coeval with the existence of our Federal Constitution, and sanctioned by the example of my predecessors in the career upon which I am about to enter, I appear, my fellow-citizens, in your presence and in that of Heaven to bind myself by the solemnities of religious obligation to the faithful performance of the duties allotted to me in the station to which I have been called....
From evil-physical, moral, and political-it is not our claim to be exempt. We have suffered sometimes by the visitation of Heaven through disease; often by the wrongs and injustice of other nations, even to the extremities of war; and, lastly, by dissensions among ourselves....
Freedom of the press and of religious opinion should be inviolate; the policy of our country is peace and the ark of our salvation union are articles of faith upon which we are all now agreed....
To the guidance of the legislative councils, to the assistance of the executive and subordinate departments, to the friendly cooperation of the respective State governments, to the candid and liberal support of the people so far as it may be deserved by honest industry and zeal, I shall look for whatever success may attend my public service; and knowing that "Except the Lord keep the city, the watchman waketh in vain," with fervent supplications for His favor, to His overruling providence I commit with humble but fearless confidence my own fate and the future destinies of my country.> 1767JA012
On Tuesday, December 6, 1825, in his First Annual Message to Congress, President John Quincy Adams expressed:
<In taking a general survey of the concerns of our beloved country, with reference to subjects interesting to the common welfare, the first sentiment which impresses itself upon the mind is of gratitude to the Omnipotent Disposer of All Good for the continuance of the signal blessings of His providence, and especially for that health which to an unusual extent has prevailed within our borders, and for that abundance which in the vicissitudes of the seasons has been scattered with profusion over the land. Nor ought we less to ascribe to Him the glory that we are permitted to enjoy the bounties of His hand in peace and tranquility - in peace with all other nations of the earth, in tranquility among ourselves. There has, indeed, rarely been a period in the history of civilized man in which the general condition of the Christian nations has been marked so extensively by peace and prosperity....
Moral, political, intellectual improvement are duties assigned by the Author of Our Existence to social no less than to individual man. For the fulfillment of those duties governments are invested with power, and to the attainment of the end-the progressive improvement of the governed-the exercise of delegated powers is a duty as sacred and indispensable as the usurpation of powers not granted is criminal and odious....
While dwelling with pleasing satisfaction upon the superior excellence of our political institutions, let us not be unmindful that liberty is power; that the nation blessed with the largest portion of liberty must in proportion to its numbers be the most powerful nation upon the earth, and that the tenure of power by man is, in the moral purposes of his Creator, upon condition that it shall be exercised to ends of beneficence, to improve the condition of himself and fellow-men. While foreign nations less blessed with that freedom which is power than ourselves are advancing with gigantic strides in the career of public improvement, were we to slumber in indolence or fold up our arms and proclaim to the world that we are palsied by the will of our constituents, would it not be to cast away the bounties of Providence and doom ourselves to perpetual inferiority?...
May He who searches the hearts of the children of men prosper your exertions to secure the blessings peace and promote the highest welfare of our country.> 1767JA013
On December 26, 1825, in communicating with the Senate, President John Quincy Adams stated:
<There is yet another subject upon which, without entering into any treaty, the moral influence of the United States may perhaps be exerted with beneficial consequences at such a meeting-the advancement of religious liberty. Some southern nations are even yet so far under the dominion of prejudice that they have incorporated with their political constitutions an exclusive church, without toleration of any other than the dominant sect. The abandonment of this last badge of religious bigotry and oppression may be pressed more effectually by the united exertions of those who concur in the principles of freedom of conscience.> 1767JA014
On December 31, 1825, President John Quincy Adams wrote in his diary:
<I rise usually between five and six-that is, at this time of year, from an hour and a half to two hours before the sun. I walk by the light of the moon or stars, or none, about four miles, usually returning home in time to see the sun rise from the eastern chamber of the House. I then make my fire, and read three chapters of the Bible with Scott's and Hewlett's Commentaries.> 1767JA015
On March 15, 1826, in writing to the House of Representatives, President John Quincy Adams stated:
<Objects of the highest importance, not only to the future welfare of the whole human race, but bearing directly upon the special interests of this Union, will engage the deliberations of the congress of Panama whether we are represented there or not. Others, if we are represented, may be offered by our plenipotentiaries for consideration having in view both of these great results-our own interests and the improvement of the condition of man upon the earth.
It may be that in the lapse of many centuries no other opportunity so favorable will be presented to the Government of the United States to subserve the benevolent purposes of Divine Providence; to dispense the promised blessings of the Redeemer of Mankind; to promote the prevalence in future ages of peace on earth and good will to man, as will not be placed in their power by participating in the deliberations of this congress....
Of the same enumerated topics are the preparation of a manifesto setting forth to the world the justice of their cause and the relations they desire to hold with other Christian powers....
The Congress of Panama is believed to present a fair occasion for urging upon all the new nations of the south the just and liberal principles of religious liberty; not by any interference whatever in their internal concerns, but by claiming for our citizens whose occupations or interests may call them to occasional residence in their territories the inestimable privilege of worshipping their Creator according to the dictates of their own consciences....The blessing of Heaven may turn it to the account of human improvement.> 1767JA016
On July 11, 1826, in an Executive Order, President John Quincy Adams stated:
<The President with deep regret announces to the Army that it has pleased the Disposer of All Human Events, in whose hands are the issues of life, to remove from the scene of earthly existence our illustrious venerated fellow- citizen, Thomas Jefferson. This dispensation of Divine Providence, afflicting to us, but the consummation of glory to him, occurred on the 4th of the present month-on the fiftieth anniversary of that Independence the Declaration of which, emanating from his mind, at once proclaimed the birth of a free nation and offered motives of hope and consolation to the whole family of man....
It has become the painful duty...to announce to the Army the death of another distinguished and venerated citizen. John Adams departed this life on the 4th of this month. Like his compatriot Jefferson, he aided in drawing and ably supporting the Declaration of Independence. With a prophetic eye he looked through the impending difficulties of the Revolution and foretold with what demonstrations of joy the anniversary of the birth of American freedom would be hailed. He was permitted to behold the verification of his prophecy, and died, as did Jefferson, on the day of the jubilee.
A coincidence of circumstances so wonderful gives confidence to the belief that the patriotic efforts of these illustrious men were Heaven directed, and furnishes a new seal to the hope that the prosperity of these States is under the special protection of a kind Providence.> 1767JA017
On Tuesday, December 5, 1826, in his Second Annual Message to Congress, President John Quincy Adams stated:
<The assemblage of the representatives of our Union in both Houses of the Congress at this time occurs under circumstances calling for the renewed homage of our grateful acknowledgements to the Giver of All Good....
We are, as a people, increasing with unabated rapidity in population, wealth, and national resources, and whatever differences of opinion exist among us with regard to the mode and the means by which we shall turn the beneficence of Heaven to the improvement of our own condition, there is yet a spirit animating us all which will not suffer the bounties of Providence to be showered upon us in vain, but will receive them with grateful hearts, and apply them with unwearied hands to the advancement of the general good....
Since your last meeting at this place, the fiftieth anniversary of the day when our independence was declared...two of the principal actors in that solemn scene-the hand that penned the ever-memorable Declaration and the voice that sustained it in debate-were by one summons, at the distance of 700 miles from each other, called before the Judge of All to account for their deeds done upon earth. They departed cheered by the benedictions of their country, to whom they left the inheritance of their fame and the memory of their bright example....
In the pledge of their lives, their fortunes, and their sacred honor to the cause of freedom and of mankind; and on the last extended to bed of death, with but sense and sensibility left to breathe a last aspiration to Heaven of blessing upon their country, may we not humbly hope that to them too it was a pledge of transition from gloom to glory, and that while their mortal vestments were sinking into the clod of the valley their emancipated spirits were ascending to the bosom of their God!> 1767JA018
On December 24, 1827, in his Third Annual Message to Congress, President John Quincy Adams stated:
<A revolution of the seasons has nearly been completed....In that interval the never-slumbering eye of a wise and beneficent Providence has continued its guardian care over the welfare of our beloved country...the productions of the soil, the exchanges of commerce, the vivifying labors of human industry, have combined to mingle in our cup a portion of enjoyment as large and liberal as the indulgence of Heaven has perhaps ever granted to the imperfect state of man upon earth; and as the purest of human felicity consists in its participation with others, it is no small addition to the sum of our national happiness at this time that peace and prosperity prevail to a degree seldom experienced over the whole habitable globe, presenting, though as yet with painful exceptions, a foretaste of that blessed period of promise when the lion shall lied down with the lamb and wars shall be no more.> 1767JA019
On Tuesday, December 2, 1828, in his Fourth Annual Message to Congress, President John Quincy Adams stated:
<If the enjoyment in profusion of the bounties of Providence forms a suitable subject of mutual gratulation and grateful acknowledgment, we are admonished at this return of the season when the representatives of the nation are assembled to deliberate upon their concerns to offer up the tribute of fervent and grateful hearts for the never-failing mercies of Him who ruleth over all. He has again favored us with healthful seasons and abundant harvests; He has sustained us in peace with foreign countries and in tranquillity within our borders; He has preserved us in the quiet and undisturbed possession of civil and religious liberty; He has crowned the year with His goodness, imposing on us no other condition than of improving for our own happiness the blessings bestowed by His hands, and, in the fruition of all His favors, of devoting the faculties with which we have been endowed by Him to His glory and to our own temporal and eternal welfare....
Proceeding from a cause which humanity will view with concern, the suffering of scarcity in distant lands, it yields a consolatory reflection that this scarcity is in no respect attributable to us; that it comes from the dispensation of Him who ordains all in wisdom and goodness, and who permits evil itself only as an instrument of good; that, far from contributing to this scarcity, and that in pouring forth from the abundance of our own garners the supplies which will partially restore plenty to those who are in need we shall ourselves reduce our stores and add to the price of our own bread, so as in some degree to participate in the wants which it will be the good fortune of our country to relieve....
They were, moreover, considered as savages, whom it was our policy and our duty to use our influence in converting to Christianity and in bringing within the pale of civilization....As brethren of the human race, rude and ignorant, we endeavored to bring them to the knowledge of religion and of letters. The ultimate design was to incorporate in our own institutions that portion of them which could be converted to the state of civilization....We have had the rare good fortune of teaching them the arts of civilization and the doctrines of Christianity.> 1767JA020
The comprehensive annotated John Quincy Adams-A Bibliography, compiled by Lynn H. Parsons (Westport, CT, 1993, p. 41, entry#194), contains "Unsigned essays dealing with the Russo-Turkish War and on Greece," published in The American Annual Register for 1827-28-29 (NY: 1830, ch. 10- 14, p. 267-402), the period between his term as President and his election to Congress. Andrew G. Bostom, John Quincy Adams Knew Jihad, FrontPageMagazine.com | Wednesday, September 29, 2004. Samuel Flagg Bemis, John Quincy Adams and the Foundations of American Foreign Policy (NY: 1949, pp. 571-572):
<The victorious may be appeased by a false and delusive promise of peace and the faithful follower of the prophet may submit to the imperious necessities of defeat, but the command to propagate the Moslem creed by the sword is always obligatory when it can be made effective...
The commands of the prophet may be performed alike, by fraud or by force. Of Mahometan good faith, we have had memorable examples ourselves. When our gallant [Stephen] Decatur had chastised the pirate of Algiers, till he was ready to renounce his claim of tribute from the United States, he signed a treaty to that effect: but the treaty was drawn up in the Arabic language, as well as in our own; and our negotiators, unacquainted with the language of the Koran, signed the copies of the treaty, in both languages, not imagining that there was any difference between them.
Within a year the Dey demands, under penalty of the renewal of the war, an indemnity in money for the frigate taken by Decatur; our Consul demands the foundation of this pretension; and the Arabic copy of the treaty, signed by himself is produced, with an article stipulating the indemnity, foisted into it, in direct opposition to the treaty as it had been concluded. The arrival of Chauncey, with a squadron before Algiers, silenced the fraudulent claim of the Dey, and he signed a new treaty in which it was abandoned; but he disdained to conceal his intentions;
My power, said he, has been wrested from my hands; draw ye the treaty at your pleasure, and I will sign it; but beware of the moment, when I shall recover my power, for with that moment, your treaty shall be waste paper. He avowed what they always practiced, and would without scruple have practiced himself. Such is the spirit, which governs the hearts of men, to whom treachery and violence are taught as principles of religion. (JQA, "Essays on Turks," p. 274-275)> 1767JA021
John Quincy Adams examined the Muslim Turk negotiations with Russia:
<Had it been possible for a sincere and honest peace to be maintained between the Osmanli and his Christian neighbors, then would have been the time to establish it in good faith. But the treaty was no sooner made than broken. It never was carried into effect by the Turkish government. (JQA, "Essays on Turks," p. 276)> 1767JA022
<From the time when the disaster of Navarino had been made known to him, the Reis Effendi [Ottoman diplomat to Russia] had assumed the tone of the aggrieved party, and made formal demands of indemnity, and the punishment of the offending admirals. He still manifested however, a solicitude to prevent the rupture of the negotiations by the departure of the ambassadors. (JQA, "Essays on Turks," p. 298)> 1767JA023
<Upon the departure of the ambassadors, the Sultan, who must have been, however, unwillingly preparing his mind for that event, immediately determined upon two things; a war with Russia alone-and a dallying attempt to protract the negotiation, and gain time of preparation for the conflict. (JQA, "Essays on Turks," p. 298)> 1767JA024
John Quincy Adams compared a Muslim diplomat's correspondence with Russia and the Sultan:
<[Ottoman diplomat Reis Effendi wrote to the Russians] "The present friendly letter has been composed and sent, to acquaint your excellency with the circumstance; when you shall learn, on receipt of it, that the Sublime Porte has at all times; no other desire or wish than to preserve peace, and good understanding; and that the event in question has been brought about, entirely by the act of the said minister, we hope that you will endeavor, to do every occasion, to fulfil the duties of friendship."
But precisely at the time when this mild, and candid, and gently expostulary epistle was despatched for St. Petersburg, another state paper was issued, addressed by the Sultan to his own subjects-this was the Hatti Sheriff of the 20th of December, sent to the Pashas of all the provinces, calling on all the faithful Mussulmen of the empire to come forth and "fight for their religion, and their country, against the infidel despisers of the Prophet." The comparison of these two documents with each other, will afford the most perfect illustration of the Ottoman faith, as well as of their temper towards Russia. (JQA, "Essays on Turks," p. 299-300)> 1767JA025
John Quincy Adams studied Muslim diplomacy:
<The Hatti Sheriff commenced with the following admirable commentary upon the friendly profession, which introduced the letter to count Nesselrode. "It is well known (said the Sultan) to almost every person, that if the Mussulmen naturally hate the infidels, the infidels, on their part, are the enemies of the Mussulmen: that Russia, more especially, bears a particular hatred to Islamism, and that she is the principal enemy of the Sublime Porte."
This appeal to the natural hatred of the Mussulmen towards the infidels is in just accordance with the precepts of the Koran. The document does not attempt to disguise it, nor even pretend that the enmity of those whom it styles the infidels, is any other than the necessary consequence of the hatred borne by the Mussulmen to them-the paragraph itself, is a forcible example of the contrasted character of the two religions.
The fundamental doctrine of the Christian religion, is the extirpation of hatred from the human heart. It forbids the exercise of it, even towards enemies. There is no denomination of Christians, which denies or misunderstands this doctrine. All understand it alike-all acknowledge its obligations; and however imperfectly, in the purposes of Divine Providence, its efficacy has been shown in the practice of Christians, it has not been wholly inoperative upon them. Its effect has been upon the manners of nations.
It has mitigated the horrors of war-it has softened the features of slavery-it has humanized the intercourse of social life. The unqualified acknowledgment of a duty does not, indeed, suffice to insure its performance.
Hatred is yet a passion, but too powerful upon the hearts of Christians.
Yet they cannot indulge it, except by the sacrifice of their principles, and the conscious violation of their duties. No state paper from a Christian hand, could, without trampling the precepts of its Lord and Master, have commenced by an open proclamation of hatred to any portion of the human race. The Ottoman lays it down as the foundation of his discourse. (JQA, "Essays on Turks," p. 299)> 1767JA026
John Qunicy Adams wrote on the Sultan's appeal to fanaticism:
<The last appeal of the Sultan to the fanaticism of his people, and to the protection of his prophet, has been vain. He told them, that since the happy time of their great prophet, the faithful Mussulmen had never taken into consideration the numbers of the infidels. He reminded them, too truly reminded them, how often they had put millions of Christians to the sword; how many states and provinces they had thus conquered, sword in hand. (JQA, "Essays on Turks," p. 302.> 1767JA027
John Quincy Adams quoted the Ottoman Sultan:
<All infidels are but one nation... This war must be considered purely a religious and national war. Let all the faithful, rich or poor, great or little, know, that to fight is a duty with us; let them then refrain from thinking of arrears, or of pay of any kind; far from such considerations, let us sacrifice our property and our persons; let us execute zealously the duties which the honor of Islamism imposes on us-let us unite our efforts, and labor, body and soul, for the support of religion, until the day of judgment. Mussulmen have no other means of working out salvation in this world and the next. (JQA, "Essays on Turks," p. 302.> 1767JA028
John Quincy Adams commented on the fate of Christians in Muslim lands:
<Those provinces are the abode of ten millions of human beings, two thirds of whom are Christians, groaning under the intolerable oppression of less than three millions of Turks. Those provinces are in some of the fairest regions of the earth. They were Christian countries, subdued during the conquering period of the Mahometan imposture, by the ruthless scymetar of the Ottoman race; and under their iron yoke, have been gradually dwindling in population, and sinking into barbarism. The time of their redemption is at hand. (JQA, "Essays on Turks," p. 303)> 1767JA029
John Quincy Adams showed the duplicity of the Muslim Sultan's communications with Russia:
<With regard to the Hatti Sheriff of the 20th of December, summoning the whole Ottoman nation to arms against Russia, the sultan now thinks proper to say, that it was only a proclamation which the Sublime Porte, for certain reasons, circulated in its states; an internal transaction, of which the Sublime Porte alone knows the motives, and that the language held by a government to its own subjects cannot be a ground for another government to pick a quarrel with it-especially, as the Grand Vizier had, immediately after the departure of the Russian envoy, written a letter to the prime minister of Russia, declaring the desire of the Sublime Porte to maintain peace. That if Russia had conceived suspicions, from the Sultan's address to his subjects, she might have applied amicably to the Porte to ascertain the truth and clear up her doubts. (JQA, "Essays on Turks," p. 311)> 1767JA030
John Quincy Adams criticized Britain's King George IV for ignoring the Muslim threat to Greece:
<In the king's speech, at the opening of the session of Parliament, on the 29th of January, he said that, "for several years a contest had been carried on between the Ottoman Porte, and the inhabitants of the Greek provinces and islands, which had been marked on each side, by excesses revolting to humanity." (JQA, "Essays on Turks," p. 304)> 1767JA031
<Still more extraordinary was it to the ears of Christendom to hear a British king, in a speech to his parliament, style the execrable and sanguinary head of the Ottoman race, his ancient ally; and denominate a splendid victory, achieved under the command of a British admiral, in the strict and faithful execution of his instructions, an untoward event. But the last member of the paragraph from his majesty's speech, which we have quoted, to those accustomed to the mystifications of royal speeches and diplomatic defiances, explained these apparent disparities.
He declares the great objects to which all his efforts have been directed, and of which, while adhering to his arrangements, he will never lose sight, are the termination of the contest between the hostile parties; the permanent settlement of their future relations to each other, and maintenance of the repose of Europe, upon the basis on which it has rested since the last general peace. (JQA, "Essays on Turks," p. 305)> 1767JA032
John Quincy Adams commented on the King of England's hesitancy to confront the enemy:
<And where is the protection to the commerce of his majesty's subjects!
And where is the determination to launch all the thunders of Britain at half a dozen skulking piratical cockboats, driven by the desperation of famine to seek the subsistence of plunder, assigned in the protocols, the treaty and the communications to the Ottoman Porte, as the great objects of his majesty's interference between a legitimate sovereign and his revolted rayahs?...
In all these documents, issuing from the profound and magnanimous policy of the British warrior statesman, nothing is more remarkable, than the more than stoical apathy with which they regard the cause, for which the Greeks are contending; the more than epicurean indifference with which they witness the martyrdom of a whole people, perishing in the recovery of their religion and liberty...
The royal speech of January, 1828 indicates that in the protocol and in the treaty, the government of George IV, had outwitted themselves, and were the dupes of their own policy. It presents the singular spectacle of a sovereign, wincing at the success of his own measures, and repining at the triumph of his own arms. From that time the partialities of England in favor of the ancient ally, have been little disguised; and the disposition to take sides with the Porte has only been controlled, by the unwelcome necessity of adhering to the faith of treaties. (JQA, "Essays on Turks," pp. 306-307)> 1767JA033
<Far from being like the Hatti Sheriff of the 20th December, an appeal to the Ottoman people, a bold and candid avowal of the precepts of the Koran; it is an utter departure from them, and an assumption, equally shameless and hypocritical, of argument on Christian grounds. (JQA, "Essays on Turks," pp. 308-309)> 1767JA034
John Quincy Adams wrote on Greek Revolution:
<If ever insurrection was holy in the eyes of God, such was that of the Greeks against their Mahometan oppressors. Yet for six long years, they were suffered to be overwhelmed by the whole mass of the Ottoman power; cheered only by the sympathies of all the civilized world, but without a finger raised to sustain or relieve them by the Christian governments of Europe; while the sword of extermination, instinct with the spirit of the Koran, was passing in merciless horror over the classical regions of Greece, the birth-place of philosophy, of poetry, of eloquence, of all the arts that embellish, and all the sciences that dignify the human character.
The monarchs of Austria, of France, and England, inflexibly persisted in seeing in the Greeks, only revolted subjects against a lawful sovereign. The ferocious Turk eagerly seized upon this absurd concession, and while sweeping with his besom of destruction over the Grecian provinces, answered every insinuation of interest in behalf of that suffering people, by assertions of the unqualified rights of sovereignty, and by triumphantly retorting upon the legitimates of Europe, the consequences naturally flowing from their own perverted maxims. (JQA, "Essays on Turks," p. 278)> 1767JA035
John Quincy Adams referenced butchery:
<This pretended discovery of a plot between Russia and the Greeks, is introduced, to preface an exulting reference to the unhallowed butchery of the Greek Patriarch and Priests, on Easter day of 1822, at Constantinople, and to the merciless desolation of Greece, which it calls "doing justice by the sword" to a great number of rebels of the Morea, of Negropont, of Acarnania, Missolonghi, Athens, and other parts 10 of the continent. The document acknowledges, that although during several years, considerable forces, both naval and military, had been sent against the Greeks, they had not succeeded in suppressing the insurrection. (JQA, "Essays on Turks," p. 301)> 1767JA036
The American Annual Register for the Years 1827-28-29 (NY: 1830, ch. 10, p. 269) printed:
<[Jesus] declared, that the enjoyment of felicity in the world hereafter, would be reward of the practice of benevolence here. His whole law was resolvable into the precept of love; peace on earth-good will toward man, was the early object of his mission; and the authoritative demonstration of the immortality of man, was that, which constituted the more than earthly tribute of glory to God in the highest... The first conquest of the religion of Jesus, was over the unsocial passions of his disciples. It elevated the standard of the human character in the scale of existence... On the Christian system of morals, man is an immortal spirit, confined for a short space of time, in an earthly tabernacle. Kindness to his fellow mortals embraces the whole compass of his duties upon earth, and the whole promise of happiness to his spirit hereafter. THE ESSENCE OF THIS DOCTRINE IS, TO EXALT THE SPIRITUAL OVER THE BRUTAL PART OF HIS NATURE.> 1767JA037.
<In the seventh century of the Christian era, a wandering Arab of the lineage of Hagar [i.e., Mohammed], the Egyptian, combining the powers of transcendent genius, with the preternatural energy of a fanatic, and the fraudulent spirit of an impostor, proclaimed himself as a messenger from Heaven, and spread desolation and delusion over an extensive portion of the earth. Adopting from the sublime conception of the Mosaic law, the doctrine of one omnipotent God; he connected indissolubly with it, the audacious falsehood, that he was himself his prophet and apostle. Adopting from the new Revelation of Jesus, the faith and hope of immortal life, and of future retribution, he humbled it to the dust by adapting all the rewards and sanctions of his religion to the gratification of the sexual passion. He poisoned the sources of human felicity at the fountain, by degrading the condition of the female sex, and the allowance of polygamy; and he declared undistinguishing and exterminating war, as a part of his religion, against all the rest of mankind. THE ESSENCE OF HIS DOCTRINE WAS VIOLENCE AND LUST: TO EXALT THE BRUTAL OVER THE SPIRITUAL PART OF HUMAN NATURE.> 1767JA038
John Quincy Adams concluded:
<[Mohammed] declared undistinguishing and exterminating war as a part of his religion against all the rest of mankind...The precept of the Koran is perpetual war against all who deny that Mahomet is the prophet of God. (JQA, Essay on Turks, p. 267)> 1767JA039
<Between these two religions, thus contrasted in their characters, a war of 1200 years has already raged. The war is yet flagrant...While the merciless and dissolute dogmas of the false prophet shall furnish motives to human action, there can never be peace upon earth, and good will towards men." (JQA, Essay on Turks, p. 269)> 1767JA040
On November 13, 1831, John Quincy Adams recorded:
<Since I left Quincy [for Washington] I have composed twenty-three stanzas of versions of the Psalms-all bad, but as good as I could make them.> 1767JA041
John Quincy Adams composed the poem:
<Almighty Father! look in mercy down:
O! grant me virtue, to perform any part-
The patriot's fervour, and the statesman's art
In thought, word, deed, preserve me from thy frown.
Direct me to the paths of bright renown-
Guide my frail bark, by truth's unerring chart,
Inspire my soul, and purify my heart;
and with success my steadfast purpose crown.
My country's weal-that be my polar star-
Justice, thou Rock of Ages, is thy law-
And when thy summons calls me to thy bar,
Be this my plea, thy gracious smile to draw-
That all my ways to justice were inclin'd-
And all my aims-the blessings of mankind.> 1767JA042
On January 1, 1837, at age 71, John Quincy Adams entered in his diary:
<Whether I am or shall be saved is all unknown to me; I know that I have been, and am, a sinner...but I cannot, if I would, divest myself of the belief that my Maker is a being whose tender mercies are over all His works...> 1767JA043
On July 4, 1837, in An Oration Delivered Before the Inhabitants of the Town of Newburyport at their Request on the Sixty-First Anniversary of the Declaration of Independence, John Quincy Adams proclaimed:
<Why is it that, next to the birthday of the Saviour of the World, your most joyous and most venerated festival returns on this day. Is it not that, in the chain of human events, the birthday of the nation is indissolubly linked with the birthday of the Savior? That it forms a leading event in the Progress of the Gospel dispensation? Is it not that the Declaration of Independence first organized the social compact on the foundation of the Redeemer's mission upon earth That it laid the cornerstone of human government upon the first precepts of Christianity and gave to the world the first irrevocable pledge of the fulfillment of the prophecies announced directly from Heaven at the birth of the Saviour and predicted by the greatest of the Hebrew prophets 600 years before.> 1767JA044
Twenty-three years later, John Wingate Thornton summarized the above quotation in The Pulpit of the American Revolution (Boston: Gould And Lincoln, 1860), p. xxix):
<Thus the church polity of New England begat like principles in the state. The pew and the pulpit had been educated to self-government. They were accustomed "TO CONSIDER." The highest glory of the American Revolution, said John Quincy Adams, was this: it connected, in one indissoluble bond, the principles of civil government with the principles of Christianity.> 1767JA045
In 1838, in a speech before Congress, John Quincy Adams spoke:
<Sir, I might go through the whole of the sacred history of the Jews to the advent of our Saviour and find innumerable examples of women who not only took an active part in politics of their times, but who are held up with honor to posterity for doing so. Our Savior himself, while on earth, performed that most stupendous miracle, of raising of Lazarus from the dead, at the petition of a woman.> 1767JA046
On May 27, 1838, in Washington, D.C., John Quincy Adams entered into his diary:
<The neglect of public worship in this city is an increasing evil, and the indifference to all religion throughout the whole country portends no good.
There is in the clergy of all the Christian denominations a time-serving, cringing, subservient morality, as wide from the Gospel as it is from the intrepid assertion and indication of truth.
The counterfeit character of a very large portion of the Christian ministry in this country is disclosed in the dissension growing up in all the Protestant churches on the subject of slavery....> 1767JA047
In his diary which he kept meticulously, John Quincy Adams made note of his church attendance:
<Scarcely a Sunday passes [that I fail to] hear something of which a pointed application to my own situation and circumstances occurs to my thoughts. It is often consolation, support, encouragement-sometimes warning and admonition, sometimes keen and trying remembrance of deep distress. The lines [of Isaac Watts' hymn sung] are of the cheering kind.> 1767JA048
On April 30, 1839, John Quincy Adams spoke to the New York Historical Society on the fiftieth anniversary of Washington's inauguration:
<The signers of the Declaration further averred that the one people of the united colonies were then precisely in that situation-with a government degenerated into tyranny and called upon by the laws of nature and of nature's God to dissolve that government and to institute another.> 1767JA049
<And thus was consummated the work commenced by the Declaration of Independence-a work in which the people of the North American Union, acting under the deepest sense of responsibility to the Supreme Ruler of the universe, has achieved the most transcendent act of power that social man in his mortal condition can perform.> 1767JA050
<Now the virtue which had been infused into the Constitution of the United States, and was to give to its vital existence the stability and duration to which it was destined, was no other than the consecration of those abstract principles which had been first proclaimed in the Declaration of Independence; namely, the self-evident truths of the natural and unalienable rights of man, of the indefeasible constituent and dissolvent sovereignty of the people, always subordinate to a rule of right and wrong, and always responsible to the Supreme Ruler of the universe for the rightful exercise of that sovereign, constituent, and dissolvent power.> 1767JA051
In writing of Ralph Waldo Emerson, John Quincy Adams stated:
<For many years since the establishment of the theological school at Andover, the Calvinists and Unitarians have been battling with each other upon the atonement, the divinity of Jesus Christ and the Trinity. This has now very much subsided; but other wanderings of mind takes the place of that, and equally lets the wolf into the fold.
A young man, named Ralph Waldo Emerson, and a classmate of my lamented son George, after failing in the everyday avocation of a Unitarian preacher and schoolmaster, starts a new doctrine of transcendentalism, declared all the old revelations superannuated and worn out, and announces the approach of new revelations and prophecies.> 1767JA052
Ralph Waldo Emerson commented concerning John Quincy Adams:
<No man could read the Bible with such powerful effect, even with the cracked and winded voice of old age.> 1767JA053
On July 11, 1841, his seventy-fourth birthday, John Quincy Adams wrote in his diary:
<My birthday happens this day upon the Sabbath. Every return of the day comes with a weight of solemnity more and more awful. How peculiarly impressive ought it then be when the annual warning of the shortening thread sounds in tones deepened by the church bell of the Lord's Day! The question comes with yearly aggravation upon my conscience, "What have I done with the seventy-four years that I have been indulged with the blessings of life!"> 1767JA054
In 1843, at seventy-six years of age, John Quincy Adams officiated at the laying of the cornerstone for an astronomical observatory in Cincinnati:
<The hand of God himself has furnished me this opportunity to do good. But, oh how much will depend upon my manner of performing the tasks! And with what agony of soul must I implore the aid of the Almighty Wisdom for powers of conception, energy of execution, and unconquerable will to accomplish my design.> 1767JA055
On February 27, 1844, at the age of 77, John Quincy Adams was not only a U.S. Representative, but also served from 1818-1848 as vice-president of the American Bible Society. In addressing that organization, he proclaimed:
<I deem myself fortunate in having the opportunity, at a stage of a long life drawing rapidly to its close, to bear at this place, the capital of our National Union, in the Hall of representatives of the North American people, in the chair of the presiding officer of the assembly representing the whole people, the personification of the great and mighty nation-to bear my solemn testimonial of reverence and gratitude to that book of books, the Holy Bible....
The Bible carries with it the history of the creation, the fall and redemption of man, and discloses to him, in the infant born at Bethlehem, the Legislator and Saviour of the world.> 1767JA056
Returning to politics after having served as the nation's sixth president, John Quincy Adams spoke to the House of Representatives, where he led the fight against slavery for nearly fourteen years before seeing results:
<Oh, if but one man could arise with a genius capable of supporting, and an utterance capable of communicating those eternal truths that belong to this question, to lay bare in all its nakedness that outrage upon the goodness of God, human slavery! Now is the time, and this is the occasion, upon which such a man would perform the duties of an angel upon earth!> 1767JA057
When asked why he never seemed discouraged or depressed over championing the unpopular fight against slavery, John Quincy Adams replied:
<Duty is ours; results are God's.> 1767JA058
On December 3, 1844, after years of struggle against the powerful slavery interests, John Quincy Adams' motion succeeded to rescind the infamous Gag Rule, which had forbidden the discussion of slavery in the Congress. After hearing the progress of his long and lonely anti-slavery crusade, John Quincy Adams wrote in his diary:
<Blessed, forever blessed, be the name of God!> 1767JA059
On July 11, 1846, his 80th birthday, John Quincy Adams entered in his diary:
<I enter upon my eightieth year, with thanksgiving to God for all the blessings and mercies which His providence has bestowed upon me throughout a life extended now to the longest term allotted to the life of man; with supplication for the continuance of those blessings and mercies to me and mine, as long as it shall suit the dispensations of His wise providence, and for resignation to His will when my appointed time shall come.> 1767JA060
John Quincy Adams revealed his convictions and philosophy in the following quotations:
<The first and almost the only Book deserving of universal attention is the Bible.> 1767JA061
<I speak as a man of the world to men of the world; and I say to you, Search the Scriptures! The Bible is the book of all others, to be read at all ages, and in all conditions of human life; not to be read once or twice or thrice through, and then laid aside, but to be read in small portions of one or two chapters every day, and never to be intermitted, unless by some overruling necessity.> 1767JA062
<In what light soever we regard the Bible, whether with reference to revelation, to history, or to morality, it is an invaluable and inexhaustible mine of knowledge and virtue.> 1767JA063
<It is no slight testimonial, both to the merit and worth of Christianity, that in all ages since its promulgation the great mass of those who have risen to eminence by their profound wisdom and integrity have recognized and reverenced Jesus of Nazareth as the Son of the living God.> 1767JA064
<My own deliberate opinion is, that the more of pure moral principles is carried into the policy and conduct of a Government, the wiser and more profound that policy will be.> 1767JA065
<From the day of the Declaration...they (the American people) were bound by the laws of God, which they all, and by the laws of The Gospel, which they nearly all, acknowledge as the rules of their conduct.> 1767JA066
<All that I am, my mother made me.> 1767JA067
In an article published in The Churchman, June 14, 1890, John Quincy Adams stated:
<There are two prayers that I love to say-the first is the Lord's Prayer, and because the Lord taught it; and the other is what seems to be a child's prayer: "Now I lay me down to sleep," and I love to say that because it suits me. I have been repeating it every night for many years past, and I say it yet, and I expect to say it my last night on earth if I am conscious. But I have added a few words more to the prayer so as to express my trust in Christ, and also to acknowledge what I ask, for I ask as a favor, and not because I deserve it. This is it:
"Now I lay me down to sleep,
I pray the Lord my soul to keep;
If I should die before I wake,
I pray the Lord my soul to take;
For Jesus' sake. Amen."> 1767JA068
Near the end of his life, John Quincy Adams entered in his diary:
<May I never cease to be grateful for the numberless blessings received through life at His hands, never repine at what He has denied, never murmur at the dispensations of Providence, and implore His forgiveness for all the errors and delinquencies of my life!> 1767JA069
John Quincy Adams was a founding member of the First Unitarian Church of Washington, D.C., though he also regularly attended Presbyterian and Episcopal services as well.
Shortly before his death, John Quincy Adams acknowledged Jesus as his Redeemer, but questioned the Unitarian belief that everyone in the world would eventually be saved:
<I reverence God as my creator. As creator of the world, I reverence him with holy fear. I venerate Jesus Christ as my redeemer; and, as far as I can understand, the redeemer of the world. But this belief is dark and dubious.> 1767JA070
On February 21, 1848, John Quincy Adams stated:
<Fortune, by which I understand Providence, has showered blessings upon me profusely. But they have been blessings unforseen and unsought. Non nobis, Domine, non nobis, sed nomini tuo do gloriam. [Not to us, Lord, not to us, but to your name be the glory.]> 1767JA071
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American Quotations by William J. Federer, 2024, All Rights Reserved, Permission granted to use with acknowledgement.
Endnotes:
1767JA001. William J. Federer, American Quotations (2014). John Quincy Adams. September 26, 1810, in a diary entry. Edmund Fuller and David E. Green, God in the White House-The Faiths of American Presidents (NY: Crown Publishers, Inc., 1968), p. 55.
1767JA002. William J. Federer, American Quotations (2014). John Quincy Adams. September 1811, in a letter to his son written while serving as U.S. Minister in St. Petersburg, Russia. James L. Alden, Letters of John Quincy Adams to His Son on the Bible and Its Teachings (1850), pp. 6-21. Henry H. Halley, Halley's Bible Handbook (Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan Publishing House, 1927, 1965), p. 19. Verna M. Hall, The Christian History of the American Revolution-Consider and Ponder (San Francisco: Foundation for American Christian Education, 1976), pp. 615-616. Verna M. Hall and Rosalie J. Slater, The Bible and the Constitution of the United States of America (San Francisco: Foundation for American Christian Education, 1983), p. 17. Tim LaHaye, Faith of Our Founding Fathers (Brentwood, TN: Wolgemuth & Hyatt, Publishers, Inc., 1987), pp. 90-91. D.P. Diffine, Ph.D., One Nation Under God- How Close a Separation? (Searcy, Arkansas: Harding University, Belden Center for Private Enterprise Education, 6th edition, 1992), p. 6.
1767JA003. William J. Federer, American Quotations (2014). John Quincy Adams. Letters of John Quincy Adams to his son, on the Bible and its Teachings (Auburn, N.Y.: James M. Alden, 1850), p. 119. Edmund Fuller and David E. Green, God in the White House-The Faiths of American Presidents (NY: Crown Publishers, Inc., 1968), p. 55.
1767JA004. William J. Federer, American Quotations (2014). John Quincy Adams. March 13, 1812. Edmund Fuller and David E. Green, God in the White House-The Faiths of American Presidents (NY: Crown Publishers, Inc., 1968), p. 55.
1767JA005. William J. Federer, American Quotations (2014). John Quincy Adams. December 31, 1812, in a diary entry. Allan Nevins, ed., The Diary of John Quincy Adams (NY: Longmans, Green & Co., 1928), p. 103. Peter Marshall and David Manuel, From Sea to Shining Sea (Old Tappan, N.J.: Fleming H. Revell Company, 1986), p. 181. Peter Marshall and David Manuel, The Glory of America (Bloomington, MN: Garborg's Heart 'N Home, Inc., 1991), 12.31. D.P. Diffine, Ph.D., One Nation Under God-How Close a Separation? (Searcy, Arkansas: Harding University, Belden Center for Private Enterprise Education, 6th edition, 1992), p. 10.
1767JA006. William J. Federer, American Quotations (2014). John Quincy Adams. 1813, in a diary entry recorded near the close of the year. Edmund Fuller and David E. Green, God in the White House-The Faiths of American Presidents (NY: Crown Publishers, Inc., 1968), p. 59.
1767JA007. William J. Federer, American Quotations (2014). John Quincy Adams. December 24, 1814, in writing from London to Boston, after negotiating the Treaty of Ghent. Worthington Chauncey Ford, ed., Writings of John Quincy Adams (New York: Macmillan, 1915), Vol. 5, p. 362. Peter Marshall and David Manuel, From Sea to Shining Sea (Old Tappan, NJ: Fleming H. Revell Company, 1986), p. 185.
1767JA008. William J. Federer, American Quotations (2014). John Quincy Adams. December 24, 1814, in writing from London to Boston, after negotiating the Treaty of Ghent. Adams, Writings, Vol. VI, p. 329. Worthington Chauncey Ford, ed., Writings of John Quincy Adams (New York: Macmillan, 1915), Vol. 5, pp. 431-433. Peter Marshall and David Manuel, From Sea to Shining Sea (Old Tappan, NJ: Fleming H. Revell Company, 1986), pp. 185-186. Peter Marshall and David Manuel, The Glory of America (Bloomington, MN: Garborg's Heart'N Home, Inc., 1991), 5.5.
1767JA009. William J. Federer, American Quotations (2014). John Quincy Adams. December 24, 1814, in writing from London to Boston, after negotiating the Treaty of Ghent. Worthington Chauncey Ford, Writing of John Quincy Adams (New York: Macmillan, 1916), Vol. 6, pp. 135-136. Peter Marshall and David Manuel, From Sea to Shining Sea (Old Tappan, NJ: Fleming H. Revell Company, 1986), p. 186.
1767JA010. William J. Federer, American Quotations (2014). John Quincy Adams. 1818, theological debate at dinner party with Horace Holley. http://www25.uua.org/uuhs/duub/articles/johnquincyadams.html
1767JA011. William J. Federer, American Quotations (2014). John Quincy Adams. February 10, 1825, in reply to the notification of his election as the 2nd U.S. President. James D. Richardson (U.S. Representative from Tennessee), ed., A Compilation of the Messages and Papers of the Presidents 1789-1897, 10 vols. (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, published by Authority of Congress, 1897, 1899; Washington, D.C.: Bureau of National Literature and Art, 1789-1902, 11 vols., 1907, 1910), Vol. II, p. 293.
1767JA012. William J. Federer, American Quotations (2014). John Quincy Adams. March 4, 1825, Friday, in his First Inaugural Address, delivered on the steps of the Capitol. James D. Richardson (U.S. Representative from Tennessee), ed., A Compilation of the Messages and Papers of the Presidents 1789-1897, 10 vols. (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, published by Authority of Congress, 1897, 1899; Washington, D.C.: Bureau of National Literature and Art, 1789-1902, 11 vols., 1907, 1910), Vol. II, pp. 294-299. Inaugural Addresses of the Presidents of the United States-From George Washington 1789 to Richard Milhous Nixon 1969 (Washington, D.C.: United States Government Printing Office; 91st Congress, 1st Session, House Document 91-142, 1969), pp. 47-53. Davis Newton Lott, The Inaugural Addresses of the American Presidents (NY: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1961), p. 51. Charles E. Rice, The Supreme Court and Public Prayer (New York: Fordham University Press, 1964), p. 181. Arthur Schlesinger Jr., ed., The Chief Executive (NY: Chelsea House Publishers, 1965), p. 53. Benjamin Weiss, God in American History: A Documentation of America's Religious Heritage (Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 1966), p. 68. The Annals of America, 20 vols. (Chicago, IL: Encyclopedia Britannica, 1968), Vol. 5, p. 138. Willard Cantelon, Money Master of the World (Plainfield, NJ: Logos International, 1976), p. 120. J. Michael Sharman, J.D., Faith of the Fathers (Culpeper, Virginia: Victory Publishing, 1995), pp. 35-36.
1767JA013. William J. Federer, American Quotations (2014). John Quincy Adams. December 6, 1825, in his First Annual Message to Congress. James D. Richardson (U.S. Representative from Tennessee), ed., A Compilation of the Messages and Papers of the Presidents 1789-1897, 10 vols. (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, published by Authority of Congress, 1897, 1899; Washington, D.C.: Bureau of National Literature and Art, 1789-1902, 11 vols., 1907, 1910), Vol. II, pp. 299-300, 311-312, 316-317. Henry Steele Commager, ed., Documents of American History, 2 vols. (NY: F.S. Crofts and Company, 1934; Appleton-Century-Crofts, Inc., 1948, 6th edition, 1958; Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall, Inc., 9th edition, 1973), Vol. I, p. 242.
1767JA014. William J. Federer, American Quotations (2014). John Quincy Adams. December 26 1825, in communicating with the Senate. James D. Richardson (U.S. Representative from Tennessee), ed., A Compilation of the Messages and Papers of the Presidents 1789-1897, 10 vols. (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, published by Authority of Congress, 1897, 1899; Washington, D.C.: Bureau of National Literature and Art, 1789-1902, 11 vols., 1907, 1910), Vol. II, p. 319.
1767JA015. William J. Federer, American Quotations (2014). John Quincy Adams. December 31, 1825, in a diary entry. Edmund Fuller and David E. Green, God in the White House-The Faiths of American Presidents (NY: Crown Publishers, Inc., 1968), p. 57.
1767JA016. William J. Federer, American Quotations (2014). John Quincy Adams. March 15, 1826, in writing to the House of Representatives. James D. Richardson (U.S. Representative from Tennessee), ed., A Compilation of the Messages and Papers of the Presidents 1789-1897, 10 vols. (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, published by Authority of Congress, 1897, 1899; Washington, D.C.: Bureau of National Literature and Art, 1789-1902, 11 vols., 1907, 1910), Vol. II, pp. 332, 336, 340.
1767JA017. William J. Federer, American Quotations (2014). John Quincy Adams. July 11, 1826, in an Executive Order. James D. Richardson (U.S. Representative from Tennessee), ed., A Compilation of the Messages and Papers of the Presidents 1789-1897, 10 vols. (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, published by Authority of Congress, 1897, 1899; Washington, D.C.: Bureau of National Literature and Art, 1789-1902, 11 vols., 1907, 1910), Vol. II, pp. 347-348.
1767JA018. William J. Federer, American Quotations (2014). John Quincy Adams. December 5, 1826, in his Second Annual Message to Congress. James D. Richardson (U.S. Representative from Tennessee), ed., A Compilation of the Messages and Papers of the Presidents 1789-1897, 10 vols. (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, published by Authority of Congress, 1897, 1899; Washington, D.C.: Bureau of National Literature and Art, 1789-1902, 11 vols., 1907, 1910), Vol. II, pp. 350, 364.
1767JA019. William J. Federer, American Quotations (2014). John Quincy Adams. December 24, 1827, in his Third Annual Message to Congress. James D. Richardson (U.S. Representative from Tennessee), ed., A Compilation of the Messages and Papers of the Presidents 1789-1897, 10 vols. (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, published by Authority of Congress, 1897, 1899; Washington, D.C.: Bureau of National Literature and Art, 1789-1902, 11 vols., 1907, 1910), Vol. II, pp. 378-379.
1767JA020. William J. Federer, American Quotations (2014). John Quincy Adams. December 2, 1828, in his Fourth Annual Message to Congress. James D. Richardson (U.S. Representative from Tennessee), ed., A Compilation of the Messages and Papers of the Presidents 1789-1897, 10 vols. (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, published by Authority of Congress, 1897, 1899; Washington, D.C.: Bureau of National Literature and Art, 1789-1902, 11 vols., 1907, 1910), Vol. II, pp. 407, 412, 415-416.
1767JA021. William J. Federer, American Quotations (2014). John Quincy Adams. The comprehensive annotated John Quincy Adams-A Bibliography, compiled by Lynn H. Parsons (Westport, CT, 1993, p. 41, entry#194), contains "Unsigned essays dealing with the Russo-Turkish War and on Greece," published in The American Annual Register for 1827-28-29 (NY: 1830, ch. 10- 14, p. 267-402), the period between his term as President and his election to Congress. Andrew G. Bostom, John Quincy Adams Knew Jihad, FrontPageMagazine.com | Wednesday, September 29, 2004. Samuel Flagg Bemis, John Quincy Adams and the Foundations of American Foreign Policy (NY: 1949, pp. 571-572).
1767JA022. William J. Federer, American Quotations (2014). John Quincy Adams. The comprehensive annotated John Quincy Adams-A Bibliography, compiled by Lynn H. Parsons (Westport, CT, 1993, p. 41, entry#194), contains "Unsigned essays dealing with the Russo-Turkish War and on Greece," published in The American Annual Register for 1827-28-29 (NY: 1830, ch. 10-14, p. 267-402), the period between his term as President and his election to Congress. Andrew G. Bostom, John Quincy Adams Knew Jihad, FrontPageMagazine.com | Wednesday, September 29, 2004. Samuel Flagg Bemis, John Quincy Adams and the Foundations of American Foreign Policy (NY: 1949, pp. 571-572).
1767JA023. William J. Federer, American Quotations (2014). John Quincy Adams. The comprehensive annotated John Quincy Adams-A Bibliography, compiled by Lynn H. Parsons (Westport, CT, 1993, p. 41, entry#194), contains "Unsigned essays dealing with the Russo-Turkish War and on Greece," published in The American Annual Register for 1827-28-29 (NY: 1830, ch. 10- 14, p. 267-402), the period between his term as President and his election to Congress. Andrew G. Bostom, John Quincy Adams Knew Jihad, FrontPageMagazine.com | Wednesday, September 29, 2004. Samuel Flagg Bemis, John Quincy Adams and the Foundations of American Foreign Policy (NY: 1949, pp. 571-572).
1767JA024. William J. Federer, American Quotations (2014). John Quincy Adams. The comprehensive annotated John Quincy Adams-A Bibliography, compiled by Lynn H. Parsons (Westport, CT, 1993, p. 41, entry#194), contains "Unsigned essays dealing with the Russo-Turkish War and on Greece," published in The American Annual Register for 1827-28-29 (NY: 1830, ch. 10- 14, p. 267-402), the period between his term as President and his election to Congress. Andrew G. Bostom, John Quincy Adams Knew Jihad, FrontPageMagazine.com | Wednesday, September 29, 2004. Samuel Flagg Bemis, John Quincy Adams and the Foundations of American Foreign Policy (NY: 1949, pp. 571-572).
1767JA025. William J. Federer, American Quotations (2014). John Quincy Adams. The comprehensive annotated John Quincy Adams-A Bibliography, compiled by Lynn H. Parsons (Westport, CT, 1993, p. 41, entry#194), contains "Unsigned essays dealing with the Russo-Turkish War and on Greece," published in The American Annual Register for 1827-28-29 (NY: 1830, ch. 10- 14, p. 267-402), the period between his term as President and his election to Congress. Andrew G. Bostom, John Quincy Adams Knew Jihad, FrontPageMagazine.com | Wednesday, September 29, 2004. Samuel Flagg Bemis, John Quincy Adams and the Foundations of American Foreign Policy (NY: 1949, pp. 571-572).
1767JA026. William J. Federer, American Quotations (2014). John Quincy Adams. The comprehensive annotated John Quincy Adams-A Bibliography, compiled by Lynn H. Parsons (Westport, CT, 1993, p. 41, entry#194), contains "Unsigned essays dealing with the Russo-Turkish War and on Greece," published in The American Annual Register for 1827-28-29 (NY: 1830, ch. 10- 14, p. 267-402), the period between his term as President and his election to Congress. Andrew G. Bostom, John Quincy Adams Knew Jihad, FrontPageMagazine.com | Wednesday, September 29, 2004. Samuel Flagg Bemis, John Quincy Adams and the Foundations of American Foreign Policy (NY: 1949, pp. 571-572).
1767JA027. William J. Federer, American Quotations (2014). John Quincy Adams. The comprehensive annotated John Quincy Adams-A Bibliography, compiled by Lynn H. Parsons (Westport, CT, 1993, p. 41, entry#194), contains "Unsigned essays dealing with the Russo-Turkish War and on Greece," published in The American Annual Register for 1827-28-29 (NY: 1830, ch. 10- 14, p. 267-402), the period between his term as President and his election to Congress. Andrew G. Bostom, John Quincy Adams Knew Jihad, FrontPageMagazine.com | Wednesday, September 29, 2004. Samuel Flagg Bemis, John Quincy Adams and the Foundations of American Foreign Policy (NY: 1949, pp. 571-572).
1767JA028. William J. Federer, American Quotations (2014). John Quincy Adams. The comprehensive annotated John Quincy Adams-A Bibliography, compiled by Lynn H. Parsons (Westport, CT, 1993, p. 41, entry#194), contains "Unsigned essays dealing with the Russo-Turkish War and on Greece," published in The American Annual Register for 1827-28-29 (NY: 1830, ch. 10- 14, p. 267-402), the period between his term as President and his election to Congress. Andrew G. Bostom, John Quincy Adams Knew Jihad, FrontPageMagazine.com | Wednesday, September 29, 2004. Samuel Flagg Bemis, John Quincy Adams and the Foundations of American Foreign Policy (NY: 1949, pp. 571-572).
1767JA029. William J. Federer, American Quotations (2014). John Quincy Adams. The comprehensive annotated John Quincy Adams-A Bibliography, compiled by Lynn H. Parsons (Westport, CT, 1993, p. 41, entry#194), contains "Unsigned essays dealing with the Russo-Turkish War and on Greece," published in The American Annual Register for 1827-28-29 (NY: 1830, ch. 10- 14, p. 267-402), the period between his term as President and his election to Congress. Andrew G. Bostom, John Quincy Adams Knew Jihad, FrontPageMagazine.com | Wednesday, September 29, 2004. Samuel Flagg Bemis, John Quincy Adams and the Foundations of American Foreign Policy (NY: 1949, pp. 571-572).
1767JA030. William J. Federer, American Quotations (2014). John Quincy Adams. The comprehensive annotated John Quincy Adams-A Bibliography, compiled by Lynn H. Parsons (Westport, CT, 1993, p. 41, entry#194), contains "Unsigned essays dealing with the Russo-Turkish War and on Greece," published in The American Annual Register for 1827-28-29 (NY: 1830, ch. 10- 14, p. 267-402), the period between his term as President and his election to Congress. Andrew G. Bostom, John Quincy Adams Knew Jihad, FrontPageMagazine.com | Wednesday, September 29, 2004. Samuel Flagg Bemis, John Quincy Adams and the Foundations of American Foreign Policy (NY: 1949, pp. 571-572).
1767JA031. William J. Federer, American Quotations (2014). John Quincy Adams. The comprehensive annotated John Quincy Adams-A Bibliography, compiled by Lynn H. Parsons (Westport, CT, 1993, p. 41, entry#194), contains "Unsigned essays dealing with the Russo-Turkish War and on Greece," published in The American Annual Register for 1827-28-29 (NY: 1830, ch. 10-14, p. 267-402), the period between his term as President and his election to Congress. Andrew G. Bostom, John Quincy Adams Knew Jihad, FrontPageMagazine.com | Wednesday, September 29, 2004. Samuel Flagg Bemis, John Quincy Adams and the Foundations of American Foreign Policy (NY: 1949, pp. 571-572).
1767JA032. William J. Federer, American Quotations (2014). John Quincy Adams. The comprehensive annotated John Quincy Adams-A Bibliography, compiled by Lynn H. Parsons (Westport, CT, 1993, p. 41, entry#194), contains "Unsigned essays dealing with the Russo-Turkish War and on Greece," published in The American Annual Register for 1827-28-29 (NY: 1830, ch. 10- 14, p. 267-402), the period between his term as President and his election to Congress. Andrew G. Bostom, John Quincy Adams Knew Jihad, FrontPageMagazine.com | Wednesday, September 29, 2004. Samuel Flagg Bemis, John Quincy Adams and the Foundations of American Foreign Policy (NY: 1949, pp. 571-572).
1767JA033. William J. Federer, American Quotations (2014). John Quincy Adams. The comprehensive annotated John Quincy Adams-A Bibliography, compiled by Lynn H. Parsons (Westport, CT, 1993, p. 41, entry#194), contains "Unsigned essays dealing with the Russo-Turkish War and on Greece," published in The American Annual Register for 1827-28-29 (NY: 1830, ch. 10- 14, p. 267-402), the period between his term as President and his election to Congress. Andrew G. Bostom, John Quincy Adams Knew Jihad, FrontPageMagazine.com | Wednesday, September 29, 2004. Samuel Flagg Bemis, John Quincy Adams and the Foundations of American Foreign Policy (NY: 1949, pp. 571-572).
1767JA034. William J. Federer, American Quotations (2014). John Quincy Adams. The comprehensive annotated John Quincy Adams-A Bibliography, compiled by Lynn H. Parsons (Westport, CT, 1993, p. 41, entry#194), contains "Unsigned essays dealing with the Russo-Turkish War and on Greece," published in The American Annual Register for 1827-28-29 (NY: 1830, ch. 10- 14, p. 267-402), the period between his term as President and his election to Congress. Andrew G. Bostom, John Quincy Adams Knew Jihad, FrontPageMagazine.com | Wednesday, September 29, 2004. Samuel Flagg Bemis, John Quincy Adams and the Foundations of American Foreign Policy (NY: 1949, pp. 571-572).
1767JA035. William J. Federer, American Quotations (2014). John Quincy Adams. The comprehensive annotated John Quincy Adams-A Bibliography, compiled by Lynn H. Parsons (Westport, CT, 1993, p. 41, entry#194), contains "Unsigned essays dealing with the Russo-Turkish War and on Greece," published in The American Annual Register for 1827-28-29 (NY: 1830, ch. 10- 14, p. 267-402), the period between his term as President and his election to Congress. Andrew G. Bostom, John Quincy Adams Knew Jihad, FrontPageMagazine.com | Wednesday, September 29, 2004. Samuel Flagg Bemis, John Quincy Adams and the Foundations of American Foreign Policy (NY: 1949, pp. 571-572).
1767JA036. William J. Federer, American Quotations (2014). John Quincy Adams. The comprehensive annotated John Quincy Adams-A Bibliography, compiled by Lynn H. Parsons (Westport, CT, 1993, p. 41, entry#194), contains "Unsigned essays dealing with the Russo-Turkish War and on Greece," published in The American Annual Register for 1827-28-29 (NY: 1830, ch. 10- 14, p. 267-402), the period between his term as President and his election to Congress. Andrew G. Bostom, John Quincy Adams Knew Jihad, FrontPageMagazine.com | Wednesday, September 29, 2004. Samuel Flagg Bemis, John Quincy Adams and the Foundations of American Foreign Policy (NY: 1949, pp. 571-572).
1767JA037. William J. Federer, American Quotations (2014). John Quincy Adams. The comprehensive annotated John Quincy Adams-A Bibliography, compiled by Lynn H. Parsons (Westport, CT, 1993, p. 41, entry#194), contains "Unsigned essays dealing with the Russo-Turkish War and on Greece," published in The American Annual Register for 1827-28-29 (NY: 1830, ch. 10- 14, p. 267-402), the period between his term as President and his election to Congress. Andrew G. Bostom, John Quincy Adams Knew Jihad, FrontPageMagazine.com | Wednesday, September 29, 2004. Samuel Flagg Bemis, John Quincy Adams and the Foundations of American Foreign Policy (NY: 1949, pp. 571-572).
1767JA038. William J. Federer, American Quotations (2014). John Quincy Adams. The comprehensive annotated John Quincy Adams-A Bibliography, compiled by Lynn H. Parsons (Westport, CT, 1993, p. 41, entry#194), contains "Unsigned essays dealing with the Russo-Turkish War and on Greece," published in The American Annual Register for 1827-28-29 (NY: 1830, ch. 10- 14, p. 267-402), the period between his term as President and his election to Congress. Andrew G. Bostom, John Quincy Adams Knew Jihad, FrontPageMagazine.com | Wednesday, September 29, 2004. Samuel Flagg Bemis, John Quincy Adams and the Foundations of American Foreign Policy (NY: 1949, pp. 571-572).
1767JA039. William J. Federer, American Quotations (2014). John Quincy Adams. The comprehensive annotated John Quincy Adams-A Bibliography, compiled by Lynn H. Parsons (Westport, CT, 1993, p. 41, entry#194), contains "Unsigned essays dealing with the Russo-Turkish War and on Greece," published in The American Annual Register for 1827-28-29 (NY: 1830, ch. 10- 14, p. 267-402), the period between his term as President and his election to Congress. Andrew G. Bostom, John Quincy Adams Knew Jihad, FrontPageMagazine.com | Wednesday, September 29, 2004. Samuel Flagg Bemis, John Quincy Adams and the Foundations of American Foreign Policy (NY: 1949, pp. 571-572).
1767JA040. William J. Federer, American Quotations (2014). John Quincy Adams. The comprehensive annotated John Quincy Adams-A Bibliography, compiled by Lynn H. Parsons (Westport, CT, 1993, p. 41, entry#194), contains "Unsigned essays dealing with the Russo-Turkish War and on Greece," published in The American Annual Register for 1827-28-29 (NY: 1830, ch. 10-14, p. 267-402), the period between his term as President and his election to Congress. Andrew G. Bostom, John Quincy Adams Knew Jihad, FrontPageMagazine.com | Wednesday, September 29, 2004. Samuel Flagg Bemis, John Quincy Adams and the Foundations of American Foreign Policy (NY: 1949, pp. 571-572).
1767JA041. William J. Federer, American Quotations (2014). John Quincy Adams. November 13, 1831. Edmund Fuller and David E. Green, God in the White House-The Faiths of American Presidents (NY: Crown Publishers, Inc., 1968), p. 55.
1767JA042. William J. Federer, American Quotations (2014). John Quincy Adams. In a poem he composed. Our American Heritage (NY: Harper & Row, Publishers, Inc., 1970), p. 29.
1767JA043. William J. Federer, American Quotations (2014). John Quincy Adams. January 1, 1837, in a diary entry. Charles Francis Adams (son of John Quincy Adams and grandson of John Adams), ed., Memoirs of John Quincy Adams, 2 vols. (Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott & Co., 1874-77), IX:341. Peter Marshall and David Manuel, The Glory of America (Bloomington, MN: Garborg's Heart 'N Home, 1991), 1.1.
1767JA044. William J. Federer, American Quotations (2014). John Quincy Adams. July 4, 1837, in his work titled, An Oration Delivered Before the Inhabitants of the Town of Newburyport at their Request on the Sixty-First Anniversary of the Declaration of Independence (Newburyport: Charles Whipple, 1837), pp. 5-6. Marshall Foster and Mary-Elaine Swanson, The American Covenant-The Untold Story (Roseburg, OR: Foundation for Christian Self-Government, 1981; Thousand Oaks, CA: The Mayflower Institute, 1983, 1992), pp. 18-19. Peter Marshall and David Manuel, The Glory of America (Bloomington, MN: Garborg's Heart'N Home, Inc., 1991), 12.25. D.P. Diffine, Ph.D., One Nation Under God-How Close a Separation? (Searcy, Arkansas: Harding University, Belden Center for Private Enterprise Education, 6th edition, 1992), p. 12. Russ Walton, One Nation Under God (NH: Plymouth Rock Foundation, 1993), p. 20. Stephen McDowell and Mark Beliles, "The Providential Perspective" (Charlottesville, VA: The Providence Foundation, P.O. Box 6759, Charlottesville, Va. 22906, January 1994), Vol. 9, No. 1, p. 6. John Wingate Thorton wrote in his book The Pulpit of the American Revolution (Boston: Gould and Lincoln, 1860, p. xxix): "The highest glory of the American Revolution, said John Quincy Adams, was this: it connected, in one indissoluble bond, the principles of civil government with the principles of Christianity." John Wingate Thornton, The Pulpit of the American Revolution 1860 (reprinted NY: Burt Franklin, 1860; 1970), p. XXIX. John Wingate Thorton, The Pulpit of the American Revolution (Boston: Gould and Lincoln, 1860, p. xxix). Verna M. Hall, comp., Christian History of the Constitution of the United States of America (San Francisco: Foundation for American Christian Education, 1976), p. 372. Marshall Foster and Mary-Elaine Swanson, The American Covenant-The Untold Story (Roseburg, OR: Foundation for Christian Self-Government, 1981; Thousand Oaks, CA: The Mayflower Institute, 1983, 1992), p. 18.
1767JA045. William J. Federer, American Quotations (2014). John Wingate Thornton, The Pulpit of the American Revolution (Boston: Gould And Lincoln, 1860), p. xxix. Stephen McDowell, America's Providential History (Charlottesville, VA: Providence Foundation, 1989), p. 146; D. James Kennedy and Jerry Newcombe, How Would Jesus Vote? A Christian Perspective on the Issues (New York: Random House, 2010), p. 28. John Quincy Adams, An Oration Delivered Before the Inhabitants of the Town of Newburyport, at Their Request, on the Sixty-first Anniversary of the Declaration of Independence, July 4th, 1837 (Newburyport: Charles Whipple, 1837), pp. 5-6.
1767JA046. William J. Federer, American Quotations (2014). John Quincy Adams. June 16, July 7, 1838, in speaking before Congress. Stephen Abbott Northrop, D.D., A Cloud of Witnesses (Portland, OR: American Heritage Ministries, 1987; Mantle Ministries, 228 Still Ridge, Bulverde, Texas), p. 3.
1767JA047. William J. Federer, American Quotations (2014). John Quincy Adams. May 27, 1838, in a diary entry made while in Washington, D.C. Edmund Fuller and David E. Green, God in the White House-The Faiths of American Presidents (NY: Crown Publishers, Inc., 1968), p. 59.
1767JA048. William J. Federer, American Quotations (2014). John Quincy Adams. In a diary entry. Charles Francis Adams (son of John Quincy Adams and grandson of John Adams), ed., Memoirs of John Quincy Adams, 2 vols. (Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott & Co., 1874-77), IX:289. Peter Marshall and David Manuel, The Glory of America (Bloomington, MN: Garborg's Heart 'N Home, 1991), 11.7.
1767JA048. William J. Federer, American Quotations (2014). John Quincy Adams. April 30, 1839, in speaking to the New York Historical Society on the fiftieth anniversary of Washington's inauguration. The Jubilee of the Constitution, A Discourse, (complete text), pp. 13-118. The Annals of America, 20 vols. (Chicago, IL: Encyclopedia Britannica, 1968), Vol. 6, p. 474.
1767JA049. William J. Federer, American Quotations (2014). John Quincy Adams. April 30, 1839, in speaking to the New York Historical Society on the fiftieth anniversary of Washington's inauguration. The Jubilee of the Constitution, A Discourse, (complete text), pp. 13-118. The Annals of America, 20 vols. (Chicago, IL: Encyclopedia Britannica, 1968), Vol. 6, p. 475.
1767JA050. William J. Federer, American Quotations (2014). John Quincy Adams. April 30, 1839, in speaking to the New York Historical Society on the fiftieth anniversary of Washington's inauguration. The Jubilee of the Constitution, A Discourse, (complete text), pp. 13-118. The Annals of America, 20 vols. (Chicago, IL: Encyclopedia Britannica, 1968), Vol. 6, p. 475.
1767JA051. William J. Federer, American Quotations (2014). John Quincy Adams. April 30, 1839, in speaking to the New York Historical Society on the fiftieth anniversary of Washington's inauguration. The Jubilee of the Constitution, A Discourse, (complete text), pp. 13-118. The Annals of America, 20 vols. (Chicago, IL: Encyclopedia Britannica, 1968), Vol. 6, p. 475.
1767JA052. William J. Federer, American Quotations (2014). John Quincy Adams. In writing of Ralph Waldo Emerson. Edmund Fuller and David E. Green, God in the White House-The Faiths of American Presidents (NY: Crown Publishers, Inc., 1968), p. 59.
1767JA053. William J. Federer, American Quotations (2014). John Quincy Adams. A comment by Ralph Waldo Emerson concerning John Quincy Adams. Edmund Fuller and David E. Green, God in the White House-The Faiths of American Presidents (NY: Crown Publishers, Inc., 1968), p. 59.
1767JA054. William J. Federer, American Quotations (2014). John Quincy Adams. July 11, 1841, in a diary entry on the occasion of his seventy-fourth birthday. Edmund Fuller and David E. Green, God in the White House-The Faiths of American Presidents (NY: Crown Publishers, Inc., 1968), p. 53.
1767JA055. William J. Federer, American Quotations (2014). John Quincy Adams. 1843, in officiating at the laying of the cornerstone for the astronomical observatory in Cincinnati. Edmund Fuller and David E. Green, God in the White House-The Faiths of American Presidents (NY: Crown Publishers, Inc., 1968), p. 56.
1767JA056. William J. Federer, American Quotations (2014). John Quincy Adams. February 27, 1844, as a U.S. Congressman, addressing the American Bible Society, of which he was the chairman. Stephen Abbott Northrop, D.D., A Cloud of Witnesses (Portland, Oregon: American Heritage Ministries, 1987; Mantle Ministries, 228 Still Ridge, Bulverde, Texas), p. 4. Peter Marshall and David Manuel, The Glory of America (Bloomington, MN: Garborg's Heart'N Home, Inc., 1991), 2.27.
1767JA057. William J. Federer, American Quotations (2014). John Quincy Adams. Serving in the U.S. House of Representatives after his term as president. Edmund Fuller and David E. Green, God in the White House-The Faiths of American Presidents (NY: Crown Publishers, Inc., 1968), p. 59.
1767JA058. William J. Federer, American Quotations (2014). John Quincy Adams. In reply to an inquiry as to his unpopular stance against slavery. David Barton, The WallBuilder Report (Aledo, TX: WallBuilder Press, Summer 1993), p. 3.
1767JA059. William J. Federer, American Quotations (2014). John Quincy Adams. December 3, 1844, in a diary entry, after hearing that his efforts to rescind the infamous Gag Rule had finally succeeded. Champ Bennett Clark, John Quincy Adams: "Old Man Eloquent" (Boston: Little, Brown, & Co., 1932), p. 407. Peter Marshall and David Manuel, The Glory of America (Bloomington, MN: Garborg's Heart'N Home, Inc., 1991), 12.3.
1767JA060. William J. Federer, American Quotations (2014). John Quincy Adams. July 11, 1846, in a diary entry made on his 80th birthday. Charles Francis Adams (son of John Quincy Adams and grandson of John Adams), ed., Memoirs of John Quincy Adams, 2 vols. (Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott & Co., 1874-77), Vol. XII, p. 268. Peter Marshall and David Manuel, The Glory of America (Bloomington, MN: Garborg's Heart'N Home, Inc., 1991), 7.11.
1767JA061. William J. Federer, American Quotations (2014). John Quincy Adams. Statement. Robert Flood, The Rebirth of America (Philadelphia: Arthur S. DeMoss Foundation, 1986), p. 37. Gary DeMar, America's Christian History: The Untold Story (Atlanta, GA: American Vision Publishers, Inc., 1993), p. 59.
1767JA062. William J. Federer, American Quotations (2014). John Quincy Adams. Statement. Tryon Edwards, D.D., The New Dictionary of Thoughts-A Cyclopedia of Quotations (Garden City, NY: Hanover House, 1852; revised and enlarged by C.H. Catrevas, Ralph Emerson Browns and Jonathan Edwards [descendent, along with Tryon, of Jonathan Edwards (1703-1758), president of Princeton], 1891; The Standard Book Company, 1955, 1963), p. 48. Gary DeMar, "Censoring America's Christian History" (Atlanta, GA: The Biblical Worldview, An American Vision Publication-American Vision, Inc., July 1990), p. 6. D.P. Diffine, Ph.D., One Nation Under God-How Close a Separation? (Searcy, Arkansas: Harding University, Belden Center for Private Enterprise Education, 6th edition, 1992), p. 10. Gary DeMar, America's Christian History: The Untold Story (Atlanta, GA: American Vision Publishers, Inc., 1993), p. 59.
1767JA063. William J. Federer, American Quotations (2014). John Quincy Adams. Statement. Tryon Edwards, D.D., The New Dictionary of Thoughts-A Cyclopedia of Quotations (Garden City, NY: Hanover House, 1852; revised and enlarged by C.H. Catrevas, Ralph Emerson Browns and Jonathan Edwards [descendent, along with Tryon, of Jonathan Edwards (1703-1758), president of Princeton], 1891; The Standard Book Company, 1955, 1963), p. 45.
1767JA064. William J. Federer, American Quotations (2014). John Quincy Adams. Statement. Stephen Abbott Northrop, D.D., A Cloud of Witnesses (Portland, Oregon: American Heritage Ministries, 1987; Mantle Ministries, 228 Still Ridge, Bulverde, Texas), p. introduction.
1767JA065. William J. Federer, American Quotations (2014). John Quincy Adams. Statement. James Truslow Adams, The Adams Family (Boston: Little, Brown and Company, 1930), p. 182. L.H. Butterfield, Marc Frielander, and Mary-Jo King, eds., The Book of Abigail and John-Selected Letters of The Adams Family 1762-1784 (Cambridge, Massachusetts and London, England: Harvard University Press, 1975), p. 182. Stephen McDowell and Mark Beliles, "The Providential Perspective" (Charlottesville, VA: The Providence Foundation, P.O. Box 6759, Charlottesville, Va. 22906, January 1994), Vol. 9, No. 1, pp. 4-5.
1767JA066. William J. Federer, American Quotations (2014). John Quincy Adams. Statement. John Wingate Thornton, The Pulpit of the American Revolution 1860 (NY: Burt Franklin, 1860; 1970), p. XXIX. D.P. Diffine, Ph.D., One Nation Under God-How Close a Separation? (Searcy, Arkansas: Harding University, Belden Center for Private Enterprise Education, 6th edition, 1992), p. 11.
1767JA067. William J. Federer, American Quotations (2014). John Quincy Adams. Statement. For Mothers (Heartland Samplers, Inc., 5555 W. 78th St. Suite P, Edina, MN, 55439, 1994), 2.6.
1767JA068. William J. Federer, American Quotations (2014). John Quincy Adams. June 14, 1890, statement published in The Churchman. Stephen Abbott Northrop, D.D., A Cloud of Witnesses (Portland, OR: American Heritage Ministries, 1987; Mantle Ministries, 228 Still Ridge, Bulverde, Texas), p. 4.
1767JA069. William J. Federer, American Quotations (2014). John Quincy Adams. In a diary entry near the end of his life. Charles Francis Adams (son of John Quincy Adams and grandson of John Adams), ed., Memoirs of John Quincy Adams, 2 vols. (Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott & Co., 1874-77), XII:277. Peter Marshall and David Manuel, The Glory of America (Bloomington, MN: Garborg's Heart 'N Home, 1991), 10.31.
1767JA070. William J. Federer, American Quotations (2014). John Quincy Adams. Statement towards the end of his life. "John Quincy Adams". Unitarian Universalist Association. Retrieved 2008-04-16. http://www25.uua.org/uuhs/duub/articles/johnquincyadams.html
1767JA071. William J. Federer, American Quotations (2014). John Quincy Adams. February 21, 1848, statement. Charles Francis Adams (son of John Quincy Adams and grandson of John Adams), ed., Memoirs of John Quincy Adams, 2 vols. (Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott & Co., 1874-77), p. 14. Peter Marshall and David Manuel, The Glory of America (Bloomington, MN: Garborg's Heart 'N Home, 1991), 2.21. D.P. Diffine, Ph.D., One Nation Under God-How Close a Separation? (Searcy, Arkansas: Harding University, Belden Center for Private Enterprise Education, 6th edition, 1992), p. 13.