Rasputin, described as "The Holy Devil," moved to St. Petersburg in 1906 and began to gain access to the royal family of Tsar Nicholas the Second.
Posing as a mystic, Rasputin was known for strange prophecies, claims of superstitious healing powers, and sexual excesses.
As the Tsar and his family came under Rasputin's spell, the monarch's credibility suffered, his authority was undermined, and public distrust spread.
At this time, Tsar Nicholas escalated his father's policy of restricting Jews and implementing a full anti-Jewish "pogrom" of cruel persecution.
Rasputin is portrayed as the evil villain the 20th Century Fox animated movie Anastasia, 1997, starring the voices of Meg Ryan, John Cusack, Kelsey Grammer, Hank Azaria, Christopher Lloyd, Bernadette Peters, Kirsten Dunst, and Angela Lansbury.
More then 2 million Jews fled, many to the United States.
This was the setting of play Fiddler on the Roof.
Though the expulsion was a tragedy, it spared those that fled from future Russian genocidal persecutions.
World War One started in 1914.
Fighting raged from Europe to the Middle East.
The Tsar sent 3 million Russian soldiers west to fight Germany's Kaiser Wilhelm the Second.
Unprepared to face German heavy artillery, over 78,000 Russians were killed or wounded and over 90,000 captured at the Battle of Tannenberg, August 26-30, 1914.
Within a year, over 1.4 million Russian soldiers were killed and nearly a million captured.
Russian General Denikin described:
"The German heavy artillery swept away whole lines of trenches, and their defenders with them. We hardly replied. There was nothing with which we could reply.
Our regiments, although completely exhausted, were beating off one attack after another by bayonet ...
Blood flowed unendingly, the ranks became thinner and thinner and thinner. The number of graves multiplied."
Russia's disillusionment with the Tsar grew.
This, together with severe cold weather and food shortages, allowed Vladimir Lenin's community organizers to agitate and fan unrest, leading to the Bolshevik Revolution -- Red October of 1917.
Lenin distributed propaganda, incited class warfare, provoked strikes, staged bank robberies, attacked police, and ordered assassinations.
Democrat President Woodrow Wilson naively told Congress, April 2, 1917:
"Does not every American feel that assurance has been added to our hope for the future peace of the world by the wonderful and heartening things that have been happening within the last few weeks in Russia?"
Wilson displayed his lack of judgement by sending the U.S. Army 339th Infantry Regiment to intervene in North Russia.
With the backdrop of Lenin's agitating, the Duma - Russian Parliament - forced the Tsar from power.
This was followed by chaotic protests, mutinies and strikes.
Lenin seized control of the government, then proceeded to arrest, imprison, and execute tens of thousands of Russians in a Red Terror.
This sad history was portrayed in the 1957 movie Dr. Zhivago, starring Omar Sharif, together with Julie Christie, Rod Steiger, Alec Guinness, and others.
Tsar Nicholas the Second and his family were executed.
There were relatively few revolutionaries, but because they used terror as a coercive tactic, people panicked and unwittingly surrendered their freedoms to a totalitarian government.
Lenin wrote:
"It is necessary -- secretly and urgently to prepare the terror."
To his socialist revolutionaries in the city of Nizhny Novgorod, Lenin ordered in a telegram: "to introduce mass terror."
Once dictators seize power, their primary goal is to stay in power by eliminating opposition.
Opposition to Lenin was led by kulak farmers.
Historian Robert Conquest, in Reflections on a Ravaged Century, 2001 (W.W. Norton & Co.), described "kulaks" as "peasants with a couple of cows or five or six acres."
Many kulaks were Dutch Anabaptists, called Mennonites, who followed the teachings of 16th century Reformer Menno Simons, who advocated non-violence similar to Quakers, Amish and Hutterites.
Mennonites fled religious persecution in Europe and settled settled in Poland, which was part of the Kingdom of Prussia.
When King Frederick the Great of Prussia, in the middle 1700s, began to militarize and recruit their youth as soldiers, the Mennonites sought to move again.
In 1762, Catherine the Great of Russia sought farmers to settle in New Russia - Ukraine - and sent her agent, Georg Trappe, to invite West Prussian Mennonites.
In 1786, they began migrating, being granted a "privilegium" --protection for freedom of worship and exemption from military service, though negotiators subtly slipped in "for a time."
Little did the Mennonites kulak farmers realize the land they were being moved to would be the battleground for invasions by Ottomans, Napoleon, and during the Crimean War --Britain, France, Austria, Prussia and Turkey. These conflicts were followed by Balkan Wars and World War One.
During the late 1800s, many Ukrainian Mennonites immigrated to Canada and Western United States.
Those Mennonite kulak farmers who stayed in Russia were finally decimated by Lenin and Stalin.
Lenin instructed his soldiers on how to treat "kulak" farmers:
"Comrades! The kulak uprising in your five districts must be crushed without pity ...
You must make example of these people. Hang - I mean hang publicly, so that people see it - at least 100 kulaks, rich bastards, and known bloodsuckers. Publish their names. Seize all their grain.
Single out the hostages per my instructions in yesterday's telegram.
Do all this so that for miles around people see it all, understand it, tremble, and tell themselves that we are killing the bloodthirsty kulaks and that we will continue to do so ... Yours, Lenin. P.S. Find tougher people."
The policy of "dekulakization" -- the intentional killing off of millions of independent middle-class "kulak" farmers -- removed the only ones who could possibly challenge Lenin's power.
It also had the unanticipated consequence of devastating food production, resulting in the horrendous national famine of 1921-22, where an estimated 5 million died.
Bolsheviks replaced the Christian religion with a materialistic atheism.
Church property was confiscated or destroyed.
Free speech and free press were prohibited. Private property was abolished.
Karl Marx had written in The Critique of the Gotha Programme, Part Four:
"Between capitalist and communist society there lies the period of the revolutionary transformation."
Centralizing power, Vladimir Lenin considered socialism as a transition phase from capitalism to communism, stating:
"The goal of socialism is communism."
C.S. Lewis, in the final chapter of The Abolition of Man, 1943, warned of atheists concentrating power:
"I am very doubtful whether history shows us one example of a man who, having stepped outside traditional morality and attained power, has used that power benevolently."
In 1924, as Lenin lay dying, suffering from incessant headaches, Joseph Stalin usurped power.
Even though they were political opponents, Stalin circulated a fake photo doctored to make it look as if he and Lenin were good friends.
Stalin manipulated the public with propaganda, and ruled with an iron fist.
He was an absolute dictator of the Soviet Union.
Patrick J. Kiger wrote for the History Channel, April 16, 2019, "How Joseph Stalin Starved Millions in the Ukrainian Famine":
"Cruel efforts under Stalin to impose collectivism and tamp down Ukrainian nationalism left an estimated 3.9 million dead."
Alex de Waal, executive director of the World Peace Foundation and author of Mass Starvation: The History and Future of Famine, 2018, wrote: “The Ukrainian famine was a clear case of a man-made famine ... aimed at a particular population for repression or punishment.”
Anne Applebaun described in her book Red Famine: Stalin's War on Ukraine, 2017, how Stalin’s secret police further made plans to deport 50,000 Ukrainian farm families to Siberia.
There is a similar concern today that the World Economic Forum's Great Reset may involve collapsing the world food supply in order to bring about a dependence on a global government.
Klaus Schwab stated that if “the past five centuries in Europe and America” have taught us anything, it is that “acute crises contribute to boosting the power of the state."
Franklin Roosevelt described the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics in his address to the American Youth Congress, February 10, 1940:
"The Soviet Union ... is run by a dictatorship as absolute as any other dictatorship in the world."
Stalin's "Great Purge of 1936-38" executed an estimated 1.2 million Communist Party members, government officials, military leaders, and peasants who were accused of being disloyal.
Simply a rumor of holding politically incorrect views or associating with "enemies of the people," could result in someone losing their job, being arrested and executed, or being one of the 4.5 million sentenced to "gulag" labor camps.
One of those arrested was Alexander Solzhenitsyn, who was born in Russia on December 11, 1918.
Solzhenitsyn was detained for writing a letter criticizing Joseph Stalin.
He spent 11 years in "gulag" labor camps.
Alexander Solzhenitsyn began secretly compiling horror stories of life in the gulags.
For several years of his imprisonment, 1947-52, he was denied pen and paper, so he composed and memorized chapters as poems.
He put these accounts into his book The First Circle, 1968, and then The Gulag Archipelago.
An "archipelago" is a chain of islands in the ocean. Solzhenitsyn used this metaphor to describe a chain of FEMA-style citizen detention camps across Russia.
Horrendous camps were used during the:
- Indian Removal Act;
- Civil War;
- Second Boer War;
- Spain crushing Cuban Revolts;
- Imperial Japan Bataan Death March;
- Hitler's National Socialist Workers Party;
- Pol Pot's Communist Khmer Rouge; and
- Chinese and North Korean labor camps.
Democrat President Franklin Roosevelt issued Executive Order 9066 in 1942, which forcibly relocated an estimated 120,000 to Japanese internment camps.
Under FDR, the Federal government also drove thousands off their lands to establish the Great Smokey Mountain National Park in 1934, condemning and evicting entire communities, forcing them to abandon generational homes, farm buildings, mills, schools, and churches.
Accounts of these Federal evictions are in Wayne Caldwell's Requiem by Fire, 2009 (Random House) and memorialized in Carol Elizabeth Jones's ballad, "Leaving Cataloochee."
Alexander Solzhenitsyn's writings were smuggled out of the Soviet Union and translated.
They quickly became internationally popular, leading him to receive the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1970, even though he was still in the U.S.S.R.
In his Nobel Prize acceptance letter, Solzhenitsyn wrote:
"During all the years until 1961, not only was I convinced I should never see a single line of mine in print in my lifetime, but, also, I scarcely dared allow any of my close acquaintances to read anything I had written because I feared this would become known."
International pressure led to Solzhenitsyn being expelled from Russia on February 12, 1974.
Warning naive American students of the horrible realities of socialism, Alexander Solzhenitsyn stated in Washington, D.C., June 30, 1975:
"In pre-revolutionary Russia ... there were attempts on the Tsar's life ...
During these years about 17 persons a year were executed ...
... The Cheka - Lenin's Communist Secret Police ... in 1918 and 1919 ... executed, without trial, more than a thousand persons a month! ...
... At the height of Stalin's terror in 1937-38 ... more than 40,000 persons were shot per month!
Here are the figures:
17 a year ...
1,000 a month,
more than 40,000 a month!"
Solzhenitsyn wrote in The Gulag Archipelago, 1973:
"A state of war only serves as an excuse for domestic tyranny."
He continued:
"Roosevelt, in Tehran, during one of his toasts, said ...
'I do not doubt that the three of us' - meaning Roosevelt, Churchill and Stalin - 'lead our peoples in accordance with their desires' ...
We were astonished. We thought, 'when we reach Europe, we will meet the Americans, and we will tell them.'"
He added:
"I was among the troops that were marching towards the Elbe River ...
A little bit more and I would have ... shaken the hands of your American soldiers. But just before that ... I was taken off to prison and my meeting did not take place ...
After a delay of 30 years, my Elbe is here today. I am here to tell you ... what ... we wanted to tell you then."
Stalin used a tactic called "psychological projection" or blame-shifting, where a politician publicly accuses his opponents of what he himself is privately guilty of.
The Military Review, December 1960 (Volume XL, Number 9) has "A Review of Soviet Psychological Warfare" by John B. McConaughy, which stated:
"This is an example of the propaganda technique of name calling ... what psychologists call projection. If you do something wrong, accuse the enemy of doing it before he accuses you ...
The one who makes the charge first has the advantage because many people believe any charge they hear without investigating it ... a person ascribes his motive to the opposition ...
We have all heard children claim that 'he hit me first' in order to escape blame for a fight. The Soviet Union behaved in the same childish way."
Karl Marx is credited with saying: "Accuse others of what you do."
Marx and Friedrich Engels explained further in Marx and Engels Collected Works, Volume 10, p. 318:
"Conspirators by no means confine themselves to organizing ...
Their business consists in ... spurring it in to artificial crises ...
They are the alchemists of the revolution."
In Communism-A History, 2001 (Random House) author Richard Pipes described how Stalin used a government fabricated crisis -- which he blamed on his opponents -- as an excuse for the government to seize more power:
"Stalin's regime needed another crisis ... as Fidel Castro, the leader of Communist Cuba, would explain ...
'The revolution needs the enemy ... The revolution needs for its development its antithesis' ...
And if enemies were lacking, they had to be fabricated ..."
Pipes continued:
"In 1934, a prominent Bolshevik, Sergei Kirov, the party boss of Lenningrad, was assassinated under mysterious conditions ... evidence points to Stalin ...
Kirov was gaining too much popularity in party ranks for Stalin's comfort.
... His assassination brought Stalin two advantages:
it rid him of a potential rival and provided a rationale for instigating a vast campaign against alleged anti-Soviet conspirators ..."
Pipes concluded:
"Purges of the 1930's were a terror campaign that in indiscriminate ferocity and number of victims had no parallel in world history ...
... Authorities ... beat them until they confess to their crimes they have not committed."
Solzhenitsyn warned Americans not to trust mainstream media, June 30, 1975:
"There is a ... Russian proverb:
'The yes-man is your enemy, but your friend will argue with you' ... I am the friend ... I have come to tell you ...
... One of your leading newspapers, after the end of Vietnam, had a full headline: 'The Blessed Silence.'
I would not wish that kind of 'blessed silence' on my worst enemy ... I spent 11 years in the Archipelago labor camps."
As to trusting government, Solzhenitsyn was quoted in The Observer, December 29, 1974, as stating:
"In our country the lie has become not just a moral category but a pillar of the State."
Solzhenitsyn explained how government-run healthcare provided a cover for Stalin's political opponents to be "diagnosed" with psychiatric problems and given compulsory "treatment":
"It is not detente - a lessening of tension - if we here ... can spend our time agreeably while over there people are groaning and dying and in psychiatric hospitals.
... Doctors are making their evening rounds ... injecting people with drugs which destroy their brain ...
There are tens of thousands of political prisoners in our country ... under compulsory psychiatric treatment."
This is similar to the Federal government's 40 year long Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment, where black men infected with syphilis were allowed to die, all the while being regularly examined by government health-care workers who simply documented the progression of the deadly disease.
Solzhenitsyn went on:
"You know the words from the Bible: 'Build not on sand, but on rock' ...
Lenin's teachings are that anyone is considered to be a fool who doesn't take what's lying in front of him. If you can take it, take it. If you can attack, attack.
But if there's a wall, then go back ...
Communist leaders respect only firmness and have contempt and laugh at persons who continually give in to them."
This is similar to the Islamic concept of "hudna," namely, when you are strong, attack; when you are weak, make treaties until you can get strong enough to attack.
British philosopher Thomas Hobbes wrote in Leviathan, 1651 (part 1, chapter 13):
"Force, and fraud, are in war the two cardinal virtues."
Solzhenitsyn concluded his speech in Washington, D.C., June 30, 1975, with a warning about the "social justice" movement:
"I ... call upon America to be more careful with its trust ...
Prevent those ... who are attempting to establish even finer ... legal shades of equality -- because of their distorted outlook ... short-sightedness and ... self-interest -
from falsely using the struggle for peace and for social justice to lead you down a false road ...
They are trying to weaken you; they are trying to disarm your strong and magnificent country in the face of this fearful threat -- one that has never been seen before in the history of the world ...
I call upon you: ordinary working men of America ... do not let yourselves become weak."
He stated:
"If we don't know our own history, we will simply have to endure all the same mistakes, sacrifices, and absurdities all over again."
Solzhenitsyn wrote in The Gulag Archipelago, 1973:
"If only there were evil people somewhere insidiously committing evil deeds, and it were necessary only to separate them from the rest of us and destroy them.
But the line dividing good and evil cuts through the heart of every human being. And who is willing to destroy a piece of his own heart?"
Solzhenitsyn stressed the importance of the life-changing influence of the gospel in an interview with Joseph Pearce, February 2003, St. Austin Review (2 number 2):
"Untouched by the breath of God, unrestricted by human conscience, both capitalism and socialism are repulsive."
In 1983, Solzhenitsyn received the Templeton Prize for Progress in Religion, stating:
"We can only reach with determination for the warm hand of God, which we have so rashly and self-confidently pushed away."
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Mr. Federer,
I am rather overcome by your knowledge of history and my obvious lack of it! Thank you so much for your efforts to educate all who care to listen. I heard you speak earlier this year in Leesburg but had not heard of you (how?) beforehand. Your lecture would have far surpassed the time you were given to present, so I was left wanting more. I almost lost track of you but heard you on a podcast which helped remind me of the need to look for more of your work. I look forward to reading more of your compilations and your books!
Hi Bill Federer,
I’m reading your new history of Socialism book, and it’s been very helpful. I’m very grateful for the work you are doing. I’m interested in hearing your perspectives on the Great Reset and the massive global changes. Do you do a podcast? Also, I ordered 5 copies of Gulag Archipelago yesterday. One for myself and 4 to give away. Be strong in the Lord and the power of His might.
Dan, WA 43years old, business owner, father.
Thank You Mr. Federer for this timely reminder of the horrors of Bolshevism and Stalinism. Atheism no truth, no limits, no conscience. Lenin died an insane raving lunatic, look up the pictures. The barbaric cruelty poured out on the simple Christian agrarian culture that was Russia. World War I in many ways was “the beginning of sorrows”